To produce carbon with highly developed cross-linking between carbon microcrystals, cellulose is used as the raw material. Cotton or pulp fibers are mechanically or chemically pulverized, and the resulting aqueous dispersion is filtered and shaped. The shaped product is then slowly heated to carbonize and then heated to 2500°C in an inert atmosphere to produce high-strength glassy graphite.
Among so-called polymerized carbons made from organic polymers, available options include furan resins, a hybrid type of furfural-phenolic resin, and glassy carbon made from styrene-based resins copolymerized with DVB (or TVB) styrene. These hardened resins serve as fillers, and the corresponding resins of the same type serve as binders. Molded products are then calcined and graphitized. The resulting products have an appearance similar to glass.
Another method involves suspension polymerization of a mixture of DVB, styrene-ethyl ethylene, and diethylbenzene monomers with polyvinyl alcohol as a stabilizer. The resulting copolymerized resin is then used as the raw material, shaped, and carbonized to produce the finished product. When heated to 1000℃ in an air flow and slowly pyrolyzed, the mass is reduced by about 60%, but the original shape of the molded product can still be maintained. After treatment at 2660℃, a dense and hard glass-like low-permeability product can be produced.